Diagnostics
OMICS Sciences
Omics sciences have had a significant impact on medicine. Sequencing of the human genome has fueled advances in personalized medicine, where decisions about disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment are tailored to patients based on information derived from genetic and genomic research¹. Omics sciences can be used to identify risk factors for common germline diseases⁴. High-throughput technologies enable omics studies interrogating thousands to millions of makers with similar biochemical properties (eg, transcriptomics for RNA transcripts) which can generate explainable readouts describing the entire biological continuum of a disease³.
Source: Conversation with Bing, 3/28/2023
Types of Genetic Testing
Diagnostic Testing
is offered to patients to identify genetic mutations that may be causing symptoms and to confirm or rule out a diagnosis.
Predictive Testing
is useful for people with no symptoms but who have a probability of carrying a mutation and developing symptoms later in life.
Carrier Testing
for people with a family history of a disease and would like to know their risk of developing the disease or the risk of passing it to children.
Prenatal Testing
for women planning a pregnancy, or already pregnant, who have a known risk for having a child with a genetic disorder.
Omics sciences refer to a field of study in biological sciences that ends with -omics, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, or metabolomics. The ending -ome is used to address the objects of study of such fields, such as the genome, proteome, transcriptome, or metabolome respectively¹³. The objective of omics sciences is to identify, characterize and quantify all biological molecules that are involved in the structure, function and dynamics of a cell, tissue or organism².
Source: Conversation with Bing, 3/28/2023
- What are omics sciences? – University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. https://experts.illinois.edu/en/publications/what-are-omics-sciences Accessed 3/28/2023.
- Omics – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omics Accessed 3/28/2023.
- What Are Omics Sciences? | SpringerLink. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-43033-1_1 Accessed 3/28/2023.
- Omics | Description, Fields, & Applications | Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/omics Accessed 3/28/2023.
- Integrative omics for health and disease | Nature Reviews Genetics. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrg.2018.4 Accessed 3/28/2023.
- Omics sciences for systems biology in Alzheimer’s disease: State-of-the …. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33915266/ Accessed 3/28/2023.
- Integrative Analysis of Multi-omics Data for Discovery and Functional …. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26915271/ Accessed 3/28/2023.
- Multi-omics approaches to disease – PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28476144/ Accessed 3/28/2023.